So much so, that George Stoney (1891) proposed the name electron for the particle. Scientist had believed in the existence of a negative particle for some time. Thomson demonstrated the existence of the electron. The cathode ray tube experiment performed by J.J. What did Thomsons cathode ray tube experiment demonstrate? These cathode rays travel in a straight-line path at high speed when a voltage difference is applied to the electrodes. What are cathode rays class 9?Ĭathode rays are the beam of electrons travelling from the negatively-charged cathode to the positively charged anode at the other end of the vacuum tube. These rays are electrons that are actually produced from the gas ionization inside the tube. The electrons that were ejected from gas ionization travel to the anode. So those rays strike and ionize the gas sample inside the container. DuMontAlan Archibald Campbell-SwintonĬathode rays come from the cathode, because the cathode is charged negatively.
Finally, in the third experiment, he found that these particles were smaller than an atom. He deduced that the cathode rays were made up of negatively-charged particles. In the second experiment, he discovered that the charge in the cathode rays was negative. What were 3 discoveries from Thomson’s experiment? Which gas is used in cathode ray experiment?įor better results in a cathode tube experiment, an evacuated (low pressure) tube is filled with hydrogen gas that is the lightest gas (maybe the lightest element) on ionization, giving the maximum charge value to the mass ratio (e / m ratio = 1.76 x 10 ^ 11 coulombs per kg). The CRT in a computer display is similar to the “picture tube” in a television receiver. Most desktop computer displays make use of CRTs. (x) Cathode rays can be deflected by the electric and magnetic fields.A cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a specialized vacuum tube in which images are produced when an electron beam strikes a phosphorescent surface. (ix) Cathode rays can penetrate the thin foils of metals. (viii) Cathode rays ionize the gas through which they pass. (vii) When the cathode rays strikes the heavy metal, the X rays are produced. (vi) Cathode rays affect the photographic plates. (v) When cathode rays fall on certain substances they cause fluorescence. (iv) Cathode rays carry a large amount of energy and produce heat energy when they strike an obstacle. (iii) Cathode rays exert mechanical pressure on the object they strike. (ii) Cathode rays travel in straight lines and cast sharp shadows of the obstacles placed in their path. Their direction is independent of the position of the anode. (i) The cathode rays are emitted normally from the surface of the cathode. The main properties of the cathode rays are as follows: Properties of cathode rays by J.J.Thomson cathode ray experiment This something is a stream of fast moving electrons and are called cathode rays. This shows that something is coming out from the cathode, travelling through the length of the tube and falling on the walls. This expansion of the dark space is accompanied by fluorescence of the glass walls of the discharge tube. When a high potential difference is maintained across the electrodes of the discharge tube at a pressure about 0.01 mm of mercury, the Crookes dark space fills the whole length of the tube. Anode is connected to the positive terminal and the cathode is connected to the negative terminal of the high voltage supply source. A very high potential is applied across anode and cathode by using the induction coil. A side tube P is used to pump out the enclosed gas so as to obtain the desired low pressure. It is fitted with two metal electrodes named as anode A and cathode C. It is a closed tube of length about 30 cm and diameter of about 4 cm. J.J.Thomson used a glass tube called as discharge tube. J.J.Thomson used the experimental results for defining the various properties of electrons, cathode rays. Thomson had performed discharge tube experiment in a laboratory by subjecting the electric and the magnetic fields on the cathode rays. Introduction to J.J.Thomson cathode ray experiment
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